[Article déjà publié le 3 juin 2024]
An exceptional Italian discovery
The submerged structure, made up of several concentric rings of walls, was uncovered by a team led by Dr Paolo Bruni as part of a submarine research program initiated by the Institute of underwater archeology in Rome. This program aims to explore the Italian coasts to discover immersed historical vestiges. The previous discoveries include fragments of quays and leftover port buildings.
In addition, in 2021, the area had already been the scene of the discovery of a cipollino marble column with its ion marquee. It was connected to a circular structure about 50 meters in diameter, fully submerged, a few meters from the coast.
The new discovery includes walls, built in stone, surprisingly well preserved despite centuries spent underwater. The first analyzes suggest that the structure could date from the first century BCE. Experts potentially identify it as a Roman pavilion.
Submerged structure. © SOPRINTENDENZA Archeologia Belle Arti PAESAGGIO ETRURIA
The research has been carried out using advanced technologies such as remote sensing and underwater photogrammetry, making it possible to map and analyze the structure without disturbing its fragile environment. These methods were essential to document discovery in a non -invasive manner.
Dr. Giovanni Rossi, specialist in underwater archeology, explains, in an article ofArkeonews : ” The remote sensing allows us to capture details that we would have missed with more invasive techniques ». These tools have revealed aspects of the structure, otherwise that remained hidden with traditional methods. They thus open up new perspectives for the study of submerged archaeological sites.
Solid walls
The structure has a double belt of brick walls separated by about three meters and based on a layer of clay. This terracotta foundation has remarkably preserved the wooden formwork as well as many foundation posts. The walls, impressive thickness, are built with a double layer of triangular bricks. They contain pebbles and mortar, connected by bipedal bricks. This sophisticated construction technique testifies to the ingenuity of Roman engineers.
Flooring. © SOPRINTENDENZA Archeologia Belle Arti PAESAGGIO ETRURIA
The structure also retains coatings in Signinum opus and sidewalks in Spicatum opus. The Signinum opus corresponds to a mixture of crushed tile and mortar. It was mainly used for its waterproofing properties in structures such as baths, aqueducts and cisterns.
In the center of the structure there are fragments of pavement in sectile opus. They indicate the richness and elegance of construction. The sectile opus refers to a decorative technique using cut and encrusted materials to create complex patterns. They are often found in luxurious decorations. These architectural details enrich the understanding of Roman construction techniques and the use of various materials to create durable and aesthetically refined structures.
What functions for this large submarine complex?
The dimensions of the rings vary, creating a series of concentric circles that may have been used for various functions, perhaps residential areas, storage spaces, or even interior gardens protected from marine elements.
The first observations suggest that this structure was part of a vast architectural complex. It could be a sea villa used as summer residence by Roman notables. Or it may be a prestigious building linked to important economic or social activities.
The quality of the construction, with perfectly nested stones and advanced joint techniques, indicates a work made to last, even in the corrosive conditions of salt water. Dr. Paolo Bruni, who heads the research team, stressed that the discovery of such submerged structures is rare, and their exceptional state of conservation is even more remarkable. He explains: ” The walls are surprisingly well preserved despite centuries spent underwater. This gives us an invaluable overview of Roman construction techniques and their ability to create sustainable buildings ».
Walls with historical implications
This discovery is not limited to marine archeology. It has broader implications for understanding the Roman Empire and its coastal infrastructure.
Archaeologists hope that other research will make it possible to discover artifacts and additional indices on the precise function of this structure. Dr Paolo Bruni says: ” We only started to scratch the surface of what this structure could reveal ». Indeed, the in -depth analysis of this structure could provide crucial information on the construction techniques used by the Romans, as well as on their lifestyle and their social and economic organization. “” Each new discovery brings us a little closer to the complete understanding of this structure and its role in the broader context of the Roman Empire », Solids Dr. Giordano, one of the study archaeologists. Especially since the site is strategically finding the location near the historic route via Aurelia.
Walls of the structure. © SOPRINTENDENZA Archeologia Belle Arti PAESAGGIO ETRURIA
The implications of this discovery go beyond the simple structure itself. Giordano adds: ” This discovery is significant. She could teach us more about the use of coastal areas by the Romans ». Archaeologists would like to better understand their maritime commercial routes, and even their interaction with other civilizations. They expect future excavations to reveal artefacts such as ceramics, tools or personal objects. They could then give a more detailed overview of daily life in Roman times. The National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (Ingv) provides for future geophysical liftings. These studies aim to provide an in -depth examination of the site and to ensure its protection against coastal erosion.
Source: Soprintendenza Archeologia Belle Arti Paesaggio etruria Raidional
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