Researchers from the University of Oxford have taken a major step in quantum computer science by building an evolving quantum supercomputer capable of carrying out quantum teleportation. More specifically, using a photonic network interface, they managed to connect two separate quantum processors to form a single fully connected quantum computer.
One of the biggest challenges in quantum IT is scalability: how to go from laboratory experiences to computers that can be used on a large scale. Oxford researchers claim that their progress could revolutionize industry and pave the way for new generation technologies.
Transfer information without physically moving qubits
To better understand why it is revolutionary, it should be remembered that unlike conventional computers that use bits (0 and 1 to store information), quantum computers use qubits. Thanks to a phenomenon called superposition, a qubit can be both a 0 and a 1 at the same time, which makes these machines much more powerful than the supervisors of today.
Quantum teleportation makes it possible to transfer information from point A to point B without physically moving the qubits. This is not the first time that scientists have achieved it, but here, the researchers of Oxford have gone further: they have teleported quantum logic doors – the basic bricks of algorithms – between computers located remotely.
The era of quantum computer distributed
“” Previous demonstrations of quantum teleportation focused on the transfer of quantum states between physically separate systems “Recalls Dougal Main, from the Physics Department of the University of Oxford, who led the study. “” In our study, we use quantum teleportation to create interactions between these remote systems. By carefully adapting these interactions, we can carry out logical quantum doors – the fundamental operations of quantum IT – between held qubits in distinct quantum computers. This advance allows us to effectively “connect” separate quantum processors in a single fully connected quantum computer. »»
In other words, these are the beginnings of a quantum internet, an ultra-fast and ultra-secure network that could revolutionize communication and calculation. In the journal Nature, the authors summarize this advance by speaking of “distributed quantum computers” capable of “combining the computing power of several quantum network treatment modules, ideally allowing the execution of large quantum circuits without compromising performance or connectivity of qubits ”.
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